Public Libraries play an essential role in supporting development for social education. This issue has drawn many attentions from academics all around the world. In recent years, according to the theory goes along deeply that make the studies include the writers are increasing continuously. By the way, this article aims to brief and make summary by focusing on the papers of "Public Libraries and social education “development in 3 periods which are the Republican Period (1912- 1919), 30 years after the founding of the state (1949-1979) and, in the 80s until now. Through literature Review, it is found that the research papers in the three time periods pay attention to public books from the aspects of opening people's wisdom and social reform to quality education, lifelong education, youth education and the construction of a harmonious society. Finally, this paper points out the existing problems in the research of this topic, hoping to provide some meaningful references to the people engaged in the research of this topic and library practitioners.