RSUSSH 2020
IN20-123 Enhancing TOEIC Listening Skills by Applying Bottom-Up Top-Down Listening Strategies for Students of Aviation Personnel Development Institution at Kasem Bundit University
Presenter: Suwimon Maliwan
Kasem Bundit University, Thailand
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to 1) Study English listening problems of first year students 2) Compare the achievement in doing the test of the academic performance by using the virtual exam of Tactics for TOEIC® Listening and Reading Test by OXFORD University (only Listening Part) before and after teaching, using Bottom Up and Top down Processing for Listening strategies and 3) Study the students' satisfaction of the strategies to increase the ability of the TOEIC test on listening skills. The samples were 155 first year students of Aviation Personnel Development Institute Kasem Bundit University. The class will take 10 teaching sessions. The experiment was conducted using a research plan of One Class Group Pretest – Posttest Design. Tools used in the experiment include 10 lesson plans, using Bottom Up and Top down Processing for Listening strategies, an achievement test by using the virtual exam of Tactics 2 for TOEIC® Listening and Reading Test by OXFORD University (only Listening Part) containing a total of 100 items, 495 points of a total score, a questionnaire for student satisfaction with the use of Bottom Up and Top down Processing for Listening strategies and a dependent t-test. The analysis results showed that students have problems in all parts of the test. Determined from the percentage of incorrect answers, the number of incorrect answers is high in all listening skills (Listening for main idea, Inference or conclusion, Listening for specific details and Predictions). After the sample has been taught by using Bottom Up and Top down Processing for Listening strategies, the score on the achievement test by using the virtual exam is higher than before studying. With the statistical significance at the level of .01, it was found that students can use both of strategies to increase listening skills and also use the skill to enhance the ability to take the TOEIC test better. From the study, it can be concluded that successful listening requires both of these strategies (Bottom Up and Top down) together. Activities that are suitable for each skill are a combination of both top-down and bottom-up strategies. This type of training is to train students to be effective listeners in real life. Citation format:
Maliwan, S.. (2020). Enhancing TOEIC Listening Skills by Applying Bottom-Up Top-Down Listening Strategies for Students of Aviation Personnel Development Institution at Kasem Bundit University. Proceeding in RSU International Research Conference, May 1, 2020. Pathum Thani, Thailand.QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Dear Suwimon Maliwan,
Your study is interesting. However, I have some questions for pedagogical implication.
1. Are these strategies specific for students of Aviation Personnel Development Institution only?
2 . Can we apply them to the different target groups of the students?
3. If so, how can we apply these strategies to the different target groups of students?
Thank you.
Thank you Miss Watcharee Kulprasit for intered in my research. And come to listen to this research as you have written to ask, answer as follows:
1. Not required. Bottom Up and Top down Processing for Listening can be applied to all professions. To understand have to start from the incoming substances and analyze the composition of the incoming substances, from sounds, words, clauses, and sentences until their meaning. In this sense, understanding is the decode process and the process from top to bottom means the use of knowledge in the background knowledge. To help understand the meaning of various substances background knowledge has many forms,
May be a topic, event, context, or it may be the knowledge that is stored in long-term memory (which means memory that is stuck in the brain for longer than short-term memory).
2. Of course: Top-down processing, using basic knowledge General knowledge Life experience or using prior knowledge (What we already know about the content) in order to predict / predict data stories we are listening and confirming the meaning. For example, we listen to stories that we have previous background knowledge. Will make us enter the story / content more easily. Bottom-up processing uses linguistics knowledge such as grammar knowledge, word components, meanings, phrases, sentence structure, accent, repeat speech, etc. Therefore, regardless of what we use in everyday life, such as the entrance examination, study, work, communicate with foreigners, etc. is the most suitable for people who learning English as a second language
3. Bring both of these skills together. By trying to train students to become accustomed repeatedly and repeatedly in various situations that can be used in everyday life. Trained to think and can be applied to real use.