RSUSSH 2020
IN20-196 Effect of Probiotics on Neuroinflammatory Markers in Children: A Preliminary report
Presenter: Suchanat Khongtan
ChiangMai University, Thailand
Abstract
The inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS), also known as neuroinflammation, plays an important role in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases in both adults and children. Possible mechanisms of neuro diseases involve the quinolinic acid (QA), which is a neurotoxic metabolite of the indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) pathway that can exert neurotoxicity and subsequently induces cognitive impairment. Furthermore, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) is the main urinary metabolite of the neurotransmitter serotonin, which affects cognitive function. However, Probiotics are officially known as helpful bacteria that, when consumed in adequate amounts, provide beneficial effects on human health. This preliminary study investigated the effects of probiotics on neuroinflammatory markers in children. Five healthy subjects had received 8.0 x 109 CFU/ day of the probiotic supplementation (containing 2.0 x 109 CFU of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and 6.0 x 109 CFU of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis) once per day for 12 weeks. The study was conducted upon the subjects to investigate the parameters associated with neuroinflammatory markers such as quinolinic acid and 5-HIAA. All parameters were evaluated before and after the probiotic supplementation. The preliminary study results suggested that the level of quinolinic acid was significantly reduced from 7.957 ± 0.542 to 6.093 ± 0.320 ng/ml, and 5-HIAA was significantly increased from 2.548 ± 0.390 to 3.908 ± 0.688 mg/L after the intervention. Our findings supported that probiotics play an essential role in the improvement of neuroinflammatory markers in children.
Citation format:
Khongtan, S., Sittiprapaporn, P., Sirilun, S., Bhagavathi, S., Peerajan, S., & Chaiyasut, C.. (2020). Effect of Probiotics on Neuroinflammatory Markers in Children: A Preliminary report. Proceeding in RSU International Research Conference, May 1, 2020. Pathum Thani, Thailand.QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
For your opinion, how the probiotic can decrease the level of QA and 5-HIAA?
In my opinion, I think probiotics can reduce the level of quinolinic acid (QA) while they can increase the level of 5-HIAA via Gut-brain axis. Gut microbiota can connect the brain mediated by neural, hormonal and immunological signals. In GI tract, beneficial bacteria produce neurotransmitters as metabolites that can regulate the activity of brain function but overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria induces inflammatory cytokines and lead to systemic inflammation including the CNS. Possible mechanism of neuroinflammation involve the quinolinic acid, which is a neurotoxic metabolite of IDO pathway that induced by inflammation and infection. This pathway can exert neurotoxicity and subsequently induces cognitive dysfunction, oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. Furthermore, 5-HIAA is the main urinary metabolite of the neurotransmitter serotonin, which affects cognition. Moreover, previous study in animal and human report that the result of probiotics helps reduce inflammation, neuroinflammation markers and also improve cognition. Thus. In this study, probiotics may improve quinolinic acid and 5-HIAA levels.
Why you choose Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium animalis to use in this study and do you think if use another stain will give the same result or use more than 2 stains will more effect on patient?
Dear SUPHAKIT SUPHACHOTTHANANON
Thank you for your question
For your question. Several review studies have reported that probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis could have a proper effect on inflammation marker related health problems in children. So this preliminary study, we will use 2 strains of probiotics for our work, and also the experiment showed that satisfactory results.
I think if we use another strain or more than 2 strains maybe give a good result in patient, but not all strain that can give a beneficial effect on inflammation and cognition
Thank you
Suchanat Khongtan